Throat cancer, also called laryngeal cancer, is a relatively rare form of cancer with 2000 to 2500 new cases diagnosed every year. It is much more common in men than in women. It is believed that lifestyle choices have a big impact on the occurrence of throat cancer.
The larynx is the upper part of the throat. It is about 5 centimetres long and is used in the process of breathing and swallowing. It also contains the vocal chords and is used in the production of speech.

Laryngeal cancer starts when cells start developing abnormally and a malignant tumour forms in the larynx. There are cases when throat cancer occurs without any reason. However, there are certain processes that are thought to influence the chance of developing laryngeal cancer, such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption (especially in conjunction with smoking), a poor diet, exposure to certain carcinogens and chemicals and constant acid reflux from the stomach.

The first symptom to warn about laryngeal cancer is usually a hoarse voice. Later on, the symptoms usually include a lump in the throat, pain when swallowing, difficulty breathing and swelling of lymph glands in the neck.

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